Omeprazole
Drug name: Omeprazole
Therapeutic action:
Omeprazole is the first substance from a group that reduce gastric secretion and antiulcer activity inhibit gastric proton pump. By blocking the hydrogen / potassium adenosinetriphosphatase (H + K +-ATPase) - so-called proton pump of parietal
cells - inhibits the terminal stage of the process of acid secretion. Oral administration of omeprazole at 20 mg once daily, has a fast enough on the inhibition of gastric acid secretion and improved status in the first four days of treatment. In patients
with duodenal ulcer was found that after 24 hours of administration, reducing acidity EndoGastric is about 80%, with an average reduction of about 70% of high acid secretion.
Pharmacotherapeutic group:
Medicines to treat peptic ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease, proton pump inhibitors.
Indications:
- Duodenal ulcer - gastric ulcer - Helicobacter infection pyloriin the ulcer disease in combination with antibiotics - reflux esophagitis - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Contraindications:
Omeprazole 20 mg is contraindicated if hypersensitivity to omeprazole or any of the excipients.
Precautions:
When possible, visual and auditory functions and fundus examination should be assessed before and during administration of this medicinal product. If abnormalities or changes, treatment with omeprazole 20 mgtrebuie discontinued immediately. The diagnosis of
reflux oesophagitis should be confirmed endoscopically.
Interactions:
Absorption of drugs may be altered due to reduced intragastric acidity. It is therefore expected to reduce ketoconazole absorption during treatment with
omeprazole , as happens during treatment with acid secretion inhibitors or amfiacide. There were no interactions with food or antacids concomitantly.
Omeprazole is metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P 4502C19 (CYP2C19), can prolong elimination of diazepam, warfarin and phenytoin, drugs that are metabolized by oxidation in the liver. Monitoring of patients treated with warfarin and phenytoin,
leading to even reduce the dose. However, it was observed that in patients under continuous treatment with phenytoin, omeprazole 20mg daily while the treatment did not produce alterations in its plasma concentration. Similarly, concomitant treatment with omeprazole
20mg daily did not cause variations in clotting time in patients treated with warfarin. Omeprazole and clarithromycin plasma concentrations increase in their co-administration. The results of various studies of omeprazole interaction with other drugs indicate
that repeated administration of 20-40mg of omeprazole does not affect in any way the importance of CZP isoform, as demonstrated by the absence of metabolic interaction with substrates CZP1A2 (caffeine, phenacetin, theophylline), CYP2C9 ( warfarin, piroxicam,
and naproxen didofenac), CYP2D6 (metoprolol, propranolol), CYP2E1 (ethanol) and CYP3A (cyclosporin, lidocaine, quinidine, estradiol).
Omeprazole , like other potent antisecretoare stomach may reduce the oral absorption of vitamin B12 (cobalamin). Although this interaction is not predictable stages Deficiency of cobalamin cause, should be taken into account especially patients with low basal
levels of cobalamin, suggesting manage their parenteral vitamin B12 in these cases.
There are conflicting data about the existence of interaction between omeprazole and cyclosporine. Should therefore be controlled plasma levels of cyclosporine in patients treated with omeprazole before the hypothetical risk to increase, to grow in a marked
form. In addition to diazepam, omeprazole may inhibit the hepatic metabolism of other benzodiazepines as triazolam or flurazepam, increasing the risk of psychometric changes caused by these last benzodiazepines.
Omeprazole may inhibit the hepatic metabolism of disulfiram. He described one isolated case of possible relational muscle stiffness with this indication.
Special warnings:
In patients with severe disease, should be given particular attention to establishing the exact diagnosis of the diseases for which this drug is indicated and necessary to the correct dose, even with oral omeprazole. In patients with severe alterations of liver
function, liver enzymes should be monitored regularly during treatment with omeprazole. Malignancy should be excluded stomach ulcers before treatment, as treatment may mask symptoms and can delay diagnosis.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding:
Since no controlled studies in pregnant women is not recommended during pregnancy omeprazole. It is not known whether omeprazole is excreted in breast milk, so it will consider whether discontinuation or interruption of breastfeeding.
The ability to drive or operate machinery:
The product does not directly affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, the patient must be informed of the risk of CNS adverse reactions.
Dosage and administration:
Duodenal ulcer
The recommended dose is 20 mg omeprazole (omeprazole 20 mg gastro-resistant capsule) per day. Relief of symptoms is rapid and in most patients healing occurs within the first weeks of treatment. Patients whose ulcers have not been fully scar after the initial
course, healing usually presents additional treatment after a period of 2 weeks. In patients with duodenal ulcer with teraputic inappropriate response, the recommended dose per day and generally obtain a healing period of 4 weeks. In maintenance treatment
is recommended 20 mg once daily for 12 months after an acute healing phase.
Gastric
The recommended dose is 20 mg omeprazole (omeprazole 20 mg gastro-resistant capsule) per day. The disappearance of symptoms is rapid and in most patients healing occurs within the first four weeks of treatment. For those patients whose ulcers have not been
fully scar after the initial cycle, generally occurs during a further period of 4 weeks. In patients with gastric ulcer treatment response is inadequate recommend a dose of 40 mg of omeprazole 20 mg once daily and, in general, scarring occurs in a period of
eight weeks.
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer:
Triple therapy: omeprazole 20 mg with 1 g of amoxicillin and 500 mg clarithromycin twice daily for a week or 20 mg of omeprazole with clarithromycin 250 mg and 400 mg metronidazole (or tinidazole 500 mg) of twice daily for one week, or 40 mg omeprazole once
daily, 500 mg amoxicillin and 400 mg metronidazole, both three times daily for a week.
Dual therapy: 40-80 mg omeprazole daily with amoxicillin 1.5 g daily in divided doses for 2 weeks. In the clinic we used 1.5 to 3 g daily doses of amoxicillin or omeprazole 40mg daily with clarithromycin 500 mg three times daily for two weeks. To ensure healing
in patients with active peptic ulcer posology see duodenal ulcer and gastric recommended.
If the patient continues to provide all possible therapies Helicobacter pylori after treatment can be repeated.
Reflux esophagitis
The recommended dose is 20 mg omeprazole (omeprazole 20 mg gastro-resistant capsule) per day. Relief of symptoms is rapid and in most patients healing occurs during the first four weeks of treatment. In patients not fully healed after the initial cycle, healing
generally occurs within a further period of 4 weeks treatment. In patients with severe reflux oesophagitis, the recommended dose of 40 mg Omeprazole once daily, generally obtaining healing in 8 weeks.
In maintenance treatment of healed erosive esophagitis, the recommended 20 mg once daily for 6-12 months. In symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease, the recommended dose is 20 mg omeprazole daily, preferably the individual dose adjustment. Relief of symptoms
is rapid. If symptoms are not controlled after 4 weeks of treatment with 20 mg daily is recommended a new evaluation.
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Dosage should be determined individually. The recommended starting dose is 60 mg Omeprazole (3 Omeprazole 20 mg capsules) once a day. Treatment should be continued as long as clinically necessary. More than 30% of patients with severe disease and who have not
responded satisfactorily to other forms of treatment were stabilized dose of omeprazole 20-120mg (1-6 capsules omeprazole 20 mg) per day. In cases where it is needed higher daily dose of 80 mg omeprazole dose will be divided into two doses. In case of Zollinger-Ellison
syndrome has not been established for a limited period of treatment. In individual cases and monotherapy with omeprazole for gastric ulcer and reflux oesophagitis, may need double the dose - is administered 40 mg omeprazole (2 Omeprazole 20 mg capsules) once
a day and duration of treatment may be extended to 8 weeks. In these cases, treatment should not exceed 8 weeks, as experience in the long term is limited. In patients with renal failure, those with hepatic dysfunction and elderly patients should not be exceeded
daily dose of 20 mg omeprazole (omeprazole 20 mg gastro-resistant capsule) (except in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome). In children, clinical experience with omeprazole 20 mg reduced.
Omeprazole 20 mg gastro-resistant capsules should be swallowed whole with liquid before meals (for example, before breakfast or dinner).
Adverse Effects:
Omeprazole is well tolerated. Side effects are generally low and reversible. There were these side effects, but in most cases could not establish a causal relationship with omeprazole:
Dermatologic: rash rare and / or itching, in isolated cases, photosensitivity, erythema multiforme, alopecia.
Musculoskeletal: arthralgia in isolated cases, muscle weakness and myalgia. Central and peripheral nervous system: headache, dizziness rarely, paresthesia, somnolence, insomnia and vertigo, in isolated cases reversible mental confusion,
agitation, depression and hallucinations in patients serious.
Gastrointestinal: diarrhea, cramps, abdominal pain, nausea (vomiting and flatulence) in isolated cases dry mouth, stomatitis and gastrointestinal candidiasis.
Liver: rare, increased liver enzymes, in isolated cases, encephalopathy in patients with preexisting severe liver disease, hepatitis with or without jaundice, liver failure.
Endocrine: In isolated cases, gynecomastia.
Hematologic: In isolated cases, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
Other: rarely, malaise, hypersensitivity reactions (urticaria) and in isolated cases, angioedema, fever, bronchospasm, interstitial nephritis and anaphylactic shock, in isolated cases sudoratiei increase, peripheral edema, blurred cloudy
and taste alteration, during treatment long term, there was an increased frequency of gastric glandular cysts, changes mentioned are pronounced physiological consequence of inhibition of acid secretion, are benign and reversible nature.
Overdose:
Clinical:
No human data are available on the reactions occurring with omeprazole overdose.
Large single oral doses up to 160 mg omeprazole / day and daily doses up to 360 mg omeprazole or intravenous single doses up to 80 mg omeprazole daily and up to 200 mg omeprazole or up to 520 mg omeprazole in the three days were well tolerated without adverse
effects.
Treatment:
There is no specific antidote Symptomatic treatment and supportive, in accordance with general rules of treatment in poisoning.
Omeprazole is currently sold out! You can try one of the related products listed below:
Your Guarantee
To provide a secure and safe shopping experience for all of our customers, omeprazole.co is committed to meeting and exceeding all standards outlined by the leading pharmacy accreditation organizations.* All prices are subject to change at any time.